Motorcycles and mopeds
CURRENT EU LEGISLATION
Euro 5 was introduced on 1 January 2020 for new type-approval (and will be implemented from 1 January 2021 for all new vehicles) except for micro-cars (L6e-B), three-wheel mopeds designed for utility purposes (L2e-U), trial (L3e-AxT) and enduro (L3e-AxE) motorcycles which benefit from a 4-year additional lead-time.
Regulation (EU) No 168/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 January 2013 on the approval and market surveillance of two- or three-wheel vehicles and quadricycles
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:02013R0168-20160101
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 901/2014 of 18 July 2014 with regard to the administrative requirements
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=1501594803449&uri=CELEX:32014R0901
Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 134/2014 of 16 December 2013 with regard to environmental and propulsion unit performance requirements
http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:32014R0134
HISTORY OF MOTORCYCLE EMISSIONS STANDARDS
The first stage of emissions regulations for motorcycles (Euro 1) was introduced in 1999. The introduction of Euro 3 effectively led to the use of emission control technologies on four-stroke two- and three-wheelers from 2006. Euro 4 was introduced in 2017 and Euro 5 in 2020 which consistently have reduced the limit of pollutant emissions and have updated the cycles with which these vehicles have to be tested.
The Euro 5 introduced in European regulation the Worldwide harmonised Motorcycle Testing Cycle (WMTC), as defined by UNECE global technical regulation No 2.